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Interleukin 21 (IL-21) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is composed of four 伪-helical bundles and primarily produced by natural killer T (NKT) cells, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, and Th17 cells (Spolski & Leonard 2008). IL-21 signals via heterodimers of the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) and the IL2RG-encoded common cytokine receptor 纬-chain (Parrish-Novak et al.; Ozaki K et al. 2000), and utilizes the JAK/STAT, MAPK, and PI3K pathways (Spolski & Leonard 2014). IL-21 has been shown to have a critical role in regulating immunoglobulin production and differentiation of the pro-inflammatory Th17 population of cells (Ozaki et al. 2002; Nurieva et al.). Additionally, IL-21 specifically sustains CD8+ T cell effector activity and provides a mechanism of CD4+ T cell help during chronic viral infection (Elsaesser et al.). IL-21 signaling was also found critical for the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice (Sutherland et al.) and control of T cell autoimmunity by regulatory B cells (Yoshizaki et al.). This product is animal component-free.
Subtype
Cytokines
Alternative Names
Interleukin-21, Za11
Cell Type
Mesenchymal Stem and Progenitor Cells, NK Cells, T Cells, T Cells, CD4+, T Cells, CD8+, T Cells, Other Subsets
Figure 1. Biological Activity and Molecular Mass of Human Recombinant IL-21, ACF
(A) The biological activity of Human Recombinant IL-21, ACF was tested by its ability to promote the proliferation of B9 cells. The EC50 is defined as the effective concentration of the cytokine at which cell proliferation is at 50% of maximum. The EC50 in the example above is 鈮 5 ng/mL.
(B) 1 渭g of Human Recombinant IL-21, ACF was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (+) and non-reducing (-) conditions and visualized by Coomassie Blue staining. Human Recombinant IL-21, ACF has a predicted molecular mass of 15.4 kDa.
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